Organic compound synthesis primitive earth pdf

Citation Type. Has PDF. Publication Type. More Filters. According to a popular theory of the origin of life, which has attained almost the status of orthodoxy in the world of science, a variety of physicochemical processes led to the formation and … Expand. Some recent work on prebiological synthesis of organic compounds. Abstract The experimental approach to the question of the origin of life is based on the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis that life is a special property of matter which arose at a particular period in the … Expand.

View 2 excerpts, cites background. Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the genesis of the first organic compounds. Organic molecules are synthesized before the Earth was formed. The solar nebula very probably already contained … Expand. Atmospheric Prebiotic Chemistry and Organic Hazes. Current organic chemistry.

Ammonium heptamolybdate-tetrahydrate and ascorbic acid were from Merck. All other chemicals and methods were identical to those described in Glindemann et al. As in that work, the experimental setup consisted of a 10 cm length of tungsten wire 1 mm diameter bent into the form of an open loop and contained in a quartz vessel which could be filled with the desired gas mixture. The gap between the ends of the loop was roughly 3 mm. Samples of 1. A spark discharge between the ends of the loop was induced by application of a microwave field.

After water extraction of the reaction vessel, analysis for phosphite was performed by gas chromatography as described previously Glindemann, Phosphite was further identified by coupled gas-chromatography mass spectrometry GC-MS. Extracts were qualitat- ively screened for the presence of condensed phosphates by the method of Aurange et al. To determine yields of the products, separation of orthophosphate from pyrophosphate and tripolyphosphate was performed by ion-exchange chro- matography as described by Lindenbaum et al.

Fractions were hydrolyzed 0. Results 3. The results of the series of experiments are presented graphically in Figure 1. Data points are averages of three to five replicate analyses and the vertical lines show the average deviation of the mean for each set of measurements.

The results, based on ion-exchange separa- tion, hydrolysis and phosphate analysis of the products, are summarized in Table I. Values shown are averages of three to five replicate experiments with average devi- ations of the mean. Recoveries are based on the total amount of apatite initially present in the sample. Basalt, which was utilized by Yamagata et al. A clay mineral matrix was chosen for all of the experiments described as a convenient method of applying the apatite sample to the probe, as well as to try to approach a more representative composition igneous rocks typically contain only 0.

We have also performed a small number of experiments utilizing MgO or CaCO3 as matrix in place of a clay mineral, with comparable results. Discussion The possible prebiotic relevance of phosphite reduction clearly depends of the redox level of volcanic gases at the time, presumably at about 4. These considerations are obviously of general importance for prebiotic synthesis Whit- tet, Has PDF.

Publication Type. More Filters. The organic composition of carbonaceous meteorites: the evolutionary story ahead of biochemistry. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology. View 2 excerpts, cites background. The photochemical origins of life and photoreaction of ferrous ion in the archaean oceans.

Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere. A general argument is made for the photochemical origins of life. A constant flux of free energy is required to maintain the organized state of matter called life. Solar photons are the unique source … Expand. A possible energetic role of mineral surfaces in chemical evolution.

Materials Science, Chemistry. The postulated roles of clays and other minerals in chemical evolution and the origin of life are reconsidered in terms of the interaction of these minerals with penetrating sources of energy such as … Expand. Organic synthesis from reducing models of the atmosphere of the primitive earth with UV light and electric discharges. Journal of Molecular Evolution. Energy yields for hydrogen cyanide and formaldehyde syntheses: The hcn and amino acid concentrations in the primitive ocean.

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Acta 35, — Acta 36, — Acta 39, — Acta 32, — Herbig, G. Liege, Tome XIX, 13— Hinteregger, H. Hochstim, A. In: Chemical evolution and the origin of life, R. Hong, K. Hubbard, J. Hardy, J. Kenyon, D. Biochemical predestination. New York: McGraw-Hill. Khare, B. Gordon, L. Kvenvolden, K. Lancet, M. Lawless, J. Nature , 66— Nature , 40— Lowe, C. Miller, S. Acta 23, — In: The origin of life, A.

Oparin, ed. Oxford: Pergamon Press. The origin of life on the earth. Englewood Cliffs, N. Nooner, D. Acta 40, — Oparin, A. Opik, E. In: The origin of prebiological systems, S. Fox, ed.